Xib fwb Turnover

Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab Washington kev tshuaj xyuas pom pom cov kws qhia ntawv hloov pauv tau nce ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm COVID-19 kis thoob qhov txhia chaw, vim tias cov tsev kawm ntawv tau tawm tsam kom tswj hwm cov neeg ua haujlwm txaus. Cov qauv uas twb muaj lawm ntawm kev tsis sib xws tau tshwm sim, nrog rau tus nqi siab tshaj ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv hloov pauv cuam tshuam rau cov tsev kawm ntawv ua haujlwm ntau dua ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm xim thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm tau nyiaj tsawg. Cov phiaj xwm nqis peev yog xav tau los khaws cov txuj ci qhia ntawv thiab txhawb nqa kev qhia noj qab haus huv thiab ntau haiv neeg ua haujlwm.

 

Xib fwb kev hloov pauv zuj zus zuj zus, tab sis tsis yog raws li koj xav.

“Thaum cov kws qhia ntawv hloov tsev kawm lossis hauv cheeb tsam, hloov txoj haujlwm, lossis tawm mus qhia tag nrho, qhov no suav tias yog tus kws qhia ntawv hloov pauv. Qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuas uas cuam tshuam rau cov tub ntxhais kawm cov txiaj ntsig, cuam tshuam rau cov tub ntxhais kawm STEM kev ua tiav thiab cuam tshuam tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau cov nyiaj tau los tsawg thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm BIPOC. "
-Tana Peterman, Senior Program Officer, K-12 STEM Education

“Thaum cov kws qhia ntawv hloov tsev kawm lossis hauv cheeb tsam, hloov txoj haujlwm, lossis tawm mus qhia tag nrho, qhov no suav tias yog tus kws qhia ntawv hloov pauv. Thiab tus kws qhia ntawv hloov pauv yog ib qho kev ntsuas uas cuam tshuam rau cov tub ntxhais kawm cov txiaj ntsig, cuam tshuam rau cov tub ntxhais kawm STEM kev ua tiav thiab cuam tshuam tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau cov nyiaj tau los qis thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm BIPOC, "hais tias Tana Peterman, tus thawj coj loj rau K-12 kev kawm ntawm Washington STEM.

Kev tshawb nrhiav tshiab qhia txog kev nce nyiaj ntau ntawm cov xibfwb qhia ntawv thaum lub sijhawm COVID-19 kis thoob qhov txhia chaw, feem ntau txuas nrog tus kws qhia ntawv xyoo dhau los. Ntau tus kws qhia ntawv tawm hauv chav kawm thaum lawv mus txog kev so haujlwm. Tab sis kev hloov pauv kuj tseem ceeb ntawm cov kws qhia haujlwm thaum ntxov - thiab qhov no muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev nyiam thiab ua kom muaj kev qhia ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm uas yog qhov tseem ceeb los pab txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm ua tiav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov xim.

Washington STEM tau koom tes nrog University of Washington's College of Education kom pom lub teeb ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb tshiab no los ntawm ntau cov blogs uas nthuav tawm cov kev tshawb pom tshiab thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov neeg ua haujlwm STEM.

Nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv

Tus kws qhia ntawv ib xyoos ib zaug hauv Washington State los ntawm kev paub dhau los, 1995-96 txog 2022-23.

David Knight yog tus kws tshaj lij ntawm University of Washington College of Education. Nws tau coj ib pab neeg tshawb fawb, suav nrog Lu Xu, tus tub ntxhais kawm PhD uas muaj kev txaus siab rau txoj cai kev kawm thiab kev hlub ntawm kev txheeb cais, raws li lawv tau khawb rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kom nkag siab txog cov laj thawj tshaj tawm vim li cas cov kws qhia ntawv tawm hauv txoj haujlwm. Siv Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction's (OSPI) cov neeg ua haujlwm database, lawv saib 1.6 lab cov ntaub ntawv cov ntsiab lus los ntawm 160,000 tus kws qhia ntawv tshwj xeeb thoob plaws 2,977 lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv 295 koog tsev kawm ntawv. Nrog rau cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, Xu thiab lwm tus tau siv cov qauv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov lej los txiav txim siab thiab tswj rau ntau yam uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv, suav nrog tsev kawm ntawv ib puag ncig, tib neeg pej xeem, thiab kev qhia ntau xyoo.

Xu tau hais tias, "Siv cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm rau pej xeem, peb xav kom nkag siab txog tus nqi uas cov kws qhia ntawv tau tawm hauv lub ntiaj teb tom qab kis thoob qhov txhia chaw. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov ntsiab lus luv luv ntawm tsab cai no yuav pab cov neeg tsim cai txiav txim siab los pab txhim kho cov neeg ua haujlwm qhia-thiab muaj cov tub ntxhais kawm tau zoo dua. "

Tus kws qhia ntawv txhua xyoo attrition hauv Washington State los ntawm hom kev hloov pauv, 1995-96 txog 2022-23. Daim duab no qhia tau tias tag nrho cov kev hloov pauv ua ntej tus kabmob kis mus rau 15% tab sis tau nce mus rau 18.7% thaum kawg ntawm 2022. Source: University of Washington College of Education.

Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias tus nqi attrition tau nce ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv tshiab, thiab ntawm cov uas tawm hauv K-12 tag nrho. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias ua ntej xyoo 2012, feem ntau qhov kev hloov pauv yog vim cov xibfwb hloov tsev kawm ntawv. Thiab txij thaum ntawd los, raws li feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm qhia ntau dua nyob ze rau cov hnub nyoog so haujlwm, feem ntau ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv tawm tawm hauv K-12 tag nrho, feem ntau rau cov nyiaj laus. Tab sis nrog rau kev sib kis, cov kws qhia ntawv tshiab kuj yog ib feem ntawm qhov nce siab hauv cov neeg tawm haujlwm uas tawm hauv txoj haujlwm tsis yog nrhiav txoj haujlwm qhia tshiab lossis ua tus thawj coj tshiab (saib cov kab ntshav saum toj kawg nkaus hauv daim duab ntawm sab xis).

Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kab mob kis thoob qhov txhia chaw tau hloov pauv lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv txhua xyoo, nrog kev faib ua ntau dua tawm ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv ua haujlwm tag nrho. Ua ntej tus kab mob kis thoob qhov txhia chaw, lub xeev cov nyiaj tau los tag nrho tau poob mus rau 15%, tab sis thaum kawg ntawm 2022 tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los tau nce mus rau 18.7%. Raws li cov tsev kawm ntawv tau tawm tsam los ntawm kev sib kis thoob qhov txhia chaw, qhov kev poob ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv-xav tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws pab txhawb rau cov tub ntxhais kawm kev ua tiav - ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj.

Poob cov xib hwb tshiab

Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob xav tsis thoob tias ntau xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb pom tias cov kws qhia ntawv feem ntau yuav tawm ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm thaum 1) lawv tau txais kev txhawb nqa kev tswj hwm lossis cov hauv kev rau kev loj hlob, 2) thaum lawv txaus siab rau kev sib raug zoo nrog tsawg, thiab 3) thaum lawv cov nyiaj hli yog qis dua cov cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv.

Cov kws tshawb fawb UW tau siv cov qauv kev txheeb cais kom nkag siab zoo dua cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam nrog cov xibfwb qhia ntawv. Kev tshawb fawb ua ntej qhia tau hais tias tus kws qhia ntawv tus yam ntxwv (xib fwb haiv neeg / haiv neeg, poj niam txiv neej, xyoo ntawm kev paub, qib siab tshaj), thiab lawv lub tsev kawm ntawv ib puag ncig (cov tub ntxhais kawm pej xeem pej xeem, qib kev txom nyem, tsev kawm ntawv loj, qib qib) yog ob qho tib si sib cuam tshuam nrog qhov twg. xib fwb xaiv ua hauj lwm. Cov xwm txheej no cuam tshuam rau cov kws qhia ntawv txoj kev txiav txim siab txog kev ua haujlwm, thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev txaus siab rau txoj haujlwm thiab kev hloov pauv. Tab sis kev tshawb fawb tsawg dua li cas cov xwm txheej no hloov pauv thaum muaj kev sib kis.

Knight tau hais tias, "Peb muaj kev nkag siab txog kev kwv yees feem ntau ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv hloov pauv - theem haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv - tab sis peb tsis paub meej tias cov qauv no yuav hloov pauv li cas thaum muaj kev sib kis."

Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tshaj plaws suav nrog:

  • Feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv tawm hauv lawv lub tsev kawm ntawv txhua xyoo mus txog yuav luag 20% ​​thaum lub sijhawm COVID-19 suav nrog kwv yees li 9% uas tawm hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm tag nrho.
  • Cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm cov xim thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm tau nyiaj tsawg yog qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo los ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv qib siab. Cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm cov xim muaj 1.3 npaug ntau dua li lawv cov phooj ywg dawb mus kawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv nrog cov kws qhia ntawv mob ntev-cov tsev kawm ntawv uas muaj ntau dua li 25% kev hloov pauv rau peb xyoos sib law liag.
  • Turnover yog siab tshaj ntawm novice xib fwb, ib pawg uas yog ntau haiv neeg tshaj lub xeev cov xib fwb ua hauj lwm.
  • Cov xibfwb qhia ntawv poj niam yog 1.7% ntau dua tawm tshaj cov txiv neej xib fwb.
  • Cov kws qhia ntawv dub thiab ntau haiv neeg muaj feem ntau dua tawm hauv kev qhia piv rau lawv cov phooj ywg uas paub tias yog neeg dawb, Neeg Esxias, Hispanic, thiab Pacific Islander.

Xu tau taw qhia tias los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov kev hloov pauv no, kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv tsis yog qhov teeb meem thoob plaws lub xeev, tab sis nws yog qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv cov tsev kawm uas tso siab rau cov kws qhia ntawv tshiab.

Xu tau taw qhia tias los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov kev hloov pauv no, kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias tus kws qhia ntawv hloov pauv tau tiag tiag tsis ib qho teeb meem thoob plaws lub xeev, tab sis hais tias nws yog siab tshaj nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv uas cia siab rau novice xib fwb. Qhov no muaj nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv me me nyob deb nroog nrog rau cov nroog hauv nroog uas muaj cov neeg txom nyem siab thiab feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm BIPOC ntau dua.

Knight hais ntxiv, "Txawm hais tias kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv thoob plaws lub xeev, nws tshwm sim hauv qee lub hnab ris. Thiab yog tias kev hloov pauv tau nce ntxiv, qhov teeb meem tshwm sim tuaj yeem hnyav tshwj xeeb rau cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov cheeb tsam uas twb muaj teeb meem rau cov neeg ua haujlwm. "

Knight thiab nws pab neeg ntseeg tias yog tias cov xwm txheej uas ua rau muaj kev nkag siab zoo dua, cov neeg tsim cai yuav muaj peev xwm tsim cov kev daws teeb meem los txhawb thiab ua kom cov neeg ua haujlwm ruaj khov, yog li cov tub ntxhais kawm muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog lawv cov kws qhia ntawv uas tsis muaj kev kawm.

Zuag qhia tag nrho, cov kws tshawb fawb muab cov lus pom zoo ntawm txoj cai no:

  • Tsim cov tswv yim khaws cia rau cov tsev kawm ntawv uas muaj kev hloov pauv ntau dua, suav nrog kev siv zog los tsim kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke thiab txhawb kev ua haujlwm.
  • Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub xeev thiab hauv cheeb tsam cov peev txheej rau cov cheeb tsam thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv uas muaj cov kws qhia ntawv ntau dua.
  • Siv lub xeev cov peev txheej uas twb muaj lawm los txheeb xyuas cov kev xav tau, suav nrog Washington's Educator Equity Data Collection tool.

 

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STEM Teaching Workforce blog series tau sau nrog kev koom tes nrog cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm University of Washington's College of Education, feem ntau yog los ntawm lawv cov kev tshawb fawb txog COVID-19 qhov cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev kawm. Cov ntsiab lus blog series yuav suav nrog tus thawj tswj hwm, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv, thiab cov teeb meem uas cov kws tshaj lij (cov pab qhia hauv chav kawm) ntsib los tuav cov ntawv pov thawj lossis dhau los ua cov kws qhia. Cov blogs yuav tshaj tawm xyoo 2024.