Kev Sawv Cev Tshaj Plaws Tshaj Plaws: Ib qho hu rau kev tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv suav nrog
Xyoo tas los, Washington STEM tau koom nrog kev sib tham tshiab nyob ib puag ncig cov ntaub ntawv: ib qho uas yuav pab nrhiav ntau dua 50,000 tus tub ntxhais kawm Washington raug suav tsis txheeb hauv tsoomfwv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv xeev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, peb tab tom tham txog cov tub ntxhais kawm uas txheeb xyuas tias yog Neeg Qhab Asmeskas lossis Alaska Native (AI / AN) thiab lwm haiv neeg lossis haiv neeg, tab sis nws tus kheej hauv paus txawm tsis lees paub hauv lub xeev cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no tshwm sim vim hais tias tam sim no tseem fwv teb chaws thiab lub xeev cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog pej xeem kev coj ua xav kom tus tub kawm ntawv txheeb xyuas tias tsuas yog ib pawg neeg lossis haiv neeg. Yog li ntawd, cov tsev kawm ntawv poob tawm ntawm tsoomfwv cov nyiaj txiag uas txhawb nqa kev kawm Native.
Tau ntau xyoo, cov neeg tawm tswv yim txog kev kawm hauv paus txawm tau thawb rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev coj ua, xws li Kev Sawv Cev Siab Tshaj Plaws, uas tso cai rau cov tub ntxhais kawm tuaj yeem thov txhua pab pawg neeg thiab haiv neeg thiab haiv neeg hauv tsev kawm ntawv kev tshaj tawm pej xeem.
"Hauv nws lub hauv paus, qhov no yog hais txog kev ncaj ncees," hais Susan Hou, tus kws tshawb fawb txog kev kawm thiab Washington STEM Community Partner Fellow uas tseem tab tom tshawb fawb txog thaj av hauv paus txawm hauv lawv lub tsev nyob hauv Taiwan.
"Lub hom phiaj ntawm Kev Sawv Cev Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij tsis yog hais txog kev ua kom cov tub ntxhais kawm suav raug cai - nws yog hais txog kev txhawb nqa cov tub ntxhais kawm cov kev xav tau thiab cov hom phiaj kev kawm los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo."
Hauv kev koom tes nrog Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Public Instruction's (OSPI) Office of Native Education (ONE), Hou tau sib tham nrog cov thawj coj hauv paus txawm los ntawm thoob plaws lub xeev tshawb nrhiav seb lawv cov zej zog cuam tshuam li cas los ntawm kev tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv. Hou tau qhia cov kev kawm los ntawm cov kev sib tham no hauv ib qho tsis ntev los no luam tawm cov ntaub ntawv kev paub txog Kev Sawv Cev Siab Tshaj Plaws.
Yuav ua li cas cov txheej txheem cov ntaub ntawv tshem tawm cov kab lis kev cai
Nws pib nrog ib daim ntawv. Thaum ib tug tub kawm ntawv cuv npe kawm ntawv, lawv, lossis lawv cov neeg saib xyuas, sau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus tub kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv pej xeem. Qhov no tau sau tseg rau hauv koog tsev kawm ntawv theem, qhov twg haiv neeg thiab pab pawg neeg cov ntaub ntawv sib koom ua ke tau muab cais ua ntu thiab xa mus rau lub tsev khaws ntaub ntawv hauv xeev qhov chaw uas nws tau npaj rau tsoomfwv tshaj tawm.
Qhov no yog qhov uas cov kws kho tsheb ntawm Native me nyuam kawm ntawv undercount kick hauv: cov tub ntxhais kawm uas txheeb xyuas ntau tshaj li ib pab pawg neeg koom nrog, haiv neeg, lossis haiv neeg raug sau tseg tias tsuas yog ib pawg haiv neeg lossis haiv neeg ntawm tsoomfwv cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov tshwm sim yog tias ntau dua 50,000 tus tub ntxhais kawm haiv neeg haiv neeg raug poob los ntawm Washington cov tub ntxhais kawm Native suav (saib daim duab saum toj no) - thiab lawv cov tsev kawm ntawv yeej tsis tau txais cov nyiaj pab ntxiv los ntawm tsoomfwv los txhawb cov tub ntxhais kawm Native.
"Cov lus nug no tshwm sim txhua lub sijhawm, 'zoo, yog tias koj tsom mus rau pab pawg no, yuav ua li cas rau lwm pab pawg?' Cov lus teb yog feem ntau yog tias koj tsom mus rau cov tub ntxhais kawm uas tsis muaj feem ntau, txhua tus yuav muaj kev paub zoo dua. "
- Dr. Kenneth Olden
Txoj kev mus rau cov ntaub ntawv sovereignty
Qhov Kev Sawv Cev Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Tawm txawv ntawm cov kev qhia tseem ceeb tam sim no nyob rau hauv uas nws suav txhua feem ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv cov neeg hauv paus txawm thiab haiv neeg tus kheej rau cov pej xeem tag nrho ntau dua li cov tub ntxhais kawm cov pej xeem. Nws yog ib feem ntawm kev thawb los ntawm cov neeg tawm tswv yim txog kev kawm hauv paus txawm kom muaj kev koom tes ntau dua nrog kev sau cov ntaub ntawv, sau ua ke thiab sib koom nrog cov zej zog hauv paus txawm. Xws li “data sovereignty” yog ib pab pawg neeg txoj cai los tswj nws cov ntaub ntawv los yog xaiv tawm ntawm tsoom fwv teb chaws thiab lub xeev-mandated cov ntaub ntawv tej yaam num, thiab nws mus dhau cov tub ntxhais kawm cuv npe kawm.
Cov cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm uas yuav txaus siab rau tsoomfwv pab pawg - suav nrog cov khoom plig, kev tuaj koom, thiab cov ntaub ntawv qhuab qhia; kev koom tes ua kis las; thiab cov qhab nia xeem tau zoo.
Tsis muaj leej twg paub qhov no zoo dua li Dr. Kenneth Olden, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Ntsuam Xyuas thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv ntawm Wapato School District hauv Yakima County. Hauv kev sib tham nrog Hou, Dr. Olden nco qab ua haujlwm nrog ib lub tsev kawm ntawv uas zoo li tsis muaj ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev qhuab qhia rau cov tub ntxhais kawm Native. Nws thiaj li pom tau tias cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob - lawv tsuas yog tsis tau digitized. Tom qab digitizing cov ntaub ntawv thiab siv Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Siab Tshaj Plaws, nws tau txais kev nkag siab rau Cov Neeg Qhab tsis tuaj yeem - ib qho qhia txog qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev kawm tiav. Nws kuj muaj peev xwm digitize cov ntaub ntawv rau cov tub ntxhais kawm Dub.
Dr. Olden hais tias: “Cov lus nug no tshwm sim txhua lub sijhawm, 'zoo, yog tias koj tsom mus rau pab pawg no, yuav ua li cas rau lwm pab pawg?' Cov lus teb yog feem ntau yog tias koj tsom mus rau cov tub ntxhais kawm uas tsis muaj feem ntau, txhua tus yuav muaj kev paub zoo dua. "
Peb tuaj qhov twg, peb mus
Cov tub ntxhais kawm haiv neeg tsawg tsawg yog ib feem ntawm keeb kwm ntev ntawm kev ua nom ua tswv hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas txoj kev kawm - los ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv, rau social workers abduction of Native cov me nyuam, rau tsoomfwv cov kev siv zog los hloov cov Neeg Qhab Asmeskas mus rau hauv nroog nroog thiab lwv cov ntawv hauv xyoo 1950s. Cov keeb kwm no tau koom nrog ib qho kev tawm tswv yim Native thiab kev tawm tsam, uas tau coj mus rau kev tsim tsoomfwv cov nyiaj pab rau Kev Kawm Native hauv xyoo 1960.
Nws yog tag nrho cov pab txhawb rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, uas ntau dua 90% ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm Native tau txais mus kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv pej xeem thiab tseem muaj ntau tsev neeg Native tseem tsis tau tshaj tawm lawv tus menyuam cov neeg hauv paus txawm.
Jenny Serpa, tus kws qhia ntawv hauv tsev kawm qib siab uas qhia txog Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Indian txoj cai lij choj thiab kev tswj hwm pab pawg neeg tau hais rau Hou tias qee cov tsev neeg tau qhia tias thaum lawv cov tub ntxhais kawm txheeb tau tias yog Neeg Qhab, lawv feem ntau raug thov kom ua tiav ntau daim ntawv thiab xaus kom tau txais kev sib txuas lus hauv tsev kawm ntawv ntau dua. Serpa tau hais tias, "Txawm tias cov no zoo li yuav muaj kev koom nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab tsev neeg, qee tus niam txiv tau tshaj tawm tias lawv tsuas yog dhau los dhau lawm."
Nws hais ntxiv tias: “Kev txheeb xyuas pab pawg kuj ua rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntsib kev ua phem lossis raug nug kom sawv cev pab pawg neeg lub suab hauv tsev kawm. Cov kev txom nyem no tau ua rau cov niam txiv xaiv los tuav lawv cov tub ntxhais kawm tus kheej, yog li lawv tsis raug coj mus rau qhov phem. "
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej: Txhim kho kev sab laj pab pawg neeg
Txhim kho kev kawm Native tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau yog tias tsis mloog cov haiv neeg thiab cov zej zog. ONE tus Dr. Mona Halcomb qhia rau Hou ntawd kev cai lij choj tsis ntev los no teeb tsa cov txheej txheem rau kev sib tham ntawm pab pawg neeg thiab hauv cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv txog cov teeb meem cuam tshuam rau cov tub ntxhais kawm Native, suav nrog kev txheeb xyuas cov tub ntxhais kawm Native thiab sib qhia cov ntaub ntawv hauv cheeb tsam nrog cov pab pawg neeg lees paub.
cov Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Tus Neeg Sawv Cev Siab Tshaj Plaws muab cov ntsiab lus ntau ntxiv txog cov txheej txheem kev sab laj pab pawg nrog rau cov peev txheej rau cov thawj coj kev kawm hauv cheeb tsam thiab xeev. Cov no suav nrog: txhim kho kev tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv, tuav cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib xws, thiab tsim cov cai los siv Kev Tshaj Tawm Tshaj Tawm.
Nrog ntau lub xeev cov neeg koom nrog koom nrog cov thawj coj hauv paus tsev kawm ntawv hauv kev tawm tswv yim rau Kev Sawv Cev Tshaj Lij Tshaj Plaws, Hou muaj kev cia siab: "Kuv zoo siab tau pom tias qhov no yuav ua li cas thiaj li muaj kev sib koom tes, cov cai, thiab cov koom haum ua haujlwm tseem ceeb uas txhawb nqa kev coj noj coj ua ntawm haiv neeg thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm haiv neeg."